Ikke-hjemmehørende arter i marine områder

Projektleder Jesper H. AndersenDenne rapport omhandler ikke-hjemmehørende arter i de danske farvande og består af to dele. Den første vedrører en opdate-ring af den nationale liste over ikke-hjemmhørende arter i de danske farvande – også kaldet NIS-listen. Den anden del er en ana-lyse af de foreliggede data og informationer om forekomst af ikke-hjemmehørende arter i de danske farvande. Datagrundlaget er væsentligt forbedret siden den første nationale NIS-liste blev udarbejdet. De fire væsentligste forbedringer er: (1) data fra Statens Naturhistoriske Museums Fiskeatlas er nu med, (2) data fra NOVANA-overvågningen omfatter nu flere år (til og med 2018), (3) data fra 2017 om forekomsten af ikke-hjemmehørende arter i 16 danske havne er tilføjet, og (4) data for 2017 og 2018, baseret på eDNA-analyser på 33 stationer i NOVANA-programmet, er nu med. Med den ny NIS-liste og den landsdæk-kende analyse foreligger der nu en opdatering af forekomster af ikke-hjemmehørende arter, herunder fisk, i de danske farvande.publishedVersio

Tekniske anvisninger for eDNA-baseret overvågning af ikke-hjemmehørende marine arter

Forskningschef Jesper H. AndersenDisse tekniske anvisninger er en revideret udgave af de ansvisninger, der tidligere er udarbejdet for Miljøstyrelsen og publiceret vinteren 2017/2018. De reviderede tekniske anvisninger indeholder en detaljeret protokol for hvordan miljø-DNA (environ-mental-DNA eller blot eDNA) kan indsamles, opbevares, oprenses og spores. Anvisningerne er delt i tre dele og omfatter (1) indsamling og filtrering af vand med instruktionerne for efterfølgende opbevaring af filterenheder, (2) ekstraktion af eDNA fra filterenheder, og (3) sporing af eDNA ved hjælp af kvantitativ PCR. Den sidste del med kvantitativ sporing forudsætter, der er udviklet og testet artsspecifikke primere og prober for korrekt sporing af eDNA stammende kun fra ikke-hjemmehørende arter.Miljøstyrelsen (MST)publishedVersio

A baseline study of the occurrence of non-indigenous species in Danish harbours

Project Manager/Main Author Jesper H. AndersenWe report the first ever nation-wide study of the occurrence of non-indigenous species in Danish harbours. The sampling was car-ried out using both conventional and biomolecular methods (eDNA). In total, 16 harbours were covered – Esbjerg and Aarhus, the two largest harbours in Denmark, with intensive sampling and 14 harbours with a reduced programme. 26 non-indigenous species were recorded using conventional sampling and 13 species were recorded using eDNA-based methods. Excluding overlapping rec-ords, we have recorded a total of 34 non-indigenous species in the 16 harbours studied. Based on the results, we conclude the following: 1) more non-indigenous species are found in the western parts of Denmark (North Sea region) then in the eastern parts (Baltic Sea), and 2) a few species previously unseen in Danish marine waters were recorded, i.e. the two bristle worms Eteone het-eropoda (fam. Phyllodocidae) and Streblospio benedicti (fam. Spionidae). Further, we provide a proof-of-concept regarding the overarching objectives of the MONIS 1-3 projects and the eDNA-based test systems developed. The results constitute a baseline for future studies in Danish ports and other hotspot areas.publishedVersio

Long-term exposure to air pollution and stroke incidence:A Danish Nurse cohort study

Ambient air pollution has been linked to stroke, but few studies have examined in detail stroke subtypes and confounding by road traffic noise, which was recently associated with stroke. Here we examined the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of stroke (overall, ischemic, hemorrhagic), adjusting for road traffic noise. In a nationwide Danish Nurse Cohort consisting of 23,423 nurses, recruited in 1993 or 1999, we identified 1,078 incident cases of stroke (944 ischemic and 134 hemorrhagic) up to December 31, 2014, defined as first-ever hospital contact. The full residential address histories since 1970 were obtained for each participant and the annual means of air pollutants (particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 μm and < 10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx)) and road traffic noise were determined using validated models. Time-varying Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals (CI)) for the associations of one-, three, and 23-year running mean of air pollutants with stroke adjusting for potential confounders and noise. In fully adjusted models, the HRs (95% CI) per interquartile range increase in one-year running mean of PM2.5 and overall, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke were 1.12 (1.01–1.25), 1.13 (1.01–1.26), and 1.07 (0.80–1.44), respectively, and remained unchanged after adjustment for noise. Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 was associated with the risk of stroke independent of road traffic noise